JOINING THE PHILIPPINE HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION

Join the Philippine Historical Association!
Educators, researchers, cultural heritage workers and other professionals who are interested in the study, teaching and promotion of Philippine history and culture, are welcome to join the PHA.

Monday, February 14, 2011

Images of Valor and Victory 2



National Anthem
Invocation
Luz dela Rosa
Department of Education

Welcome Address          
Hon. Ernesto G. Carolina
Administrator, Philippine Veterans Affairs Office

Keynote Address                                            
Manuel Quezon III/ F. Sionil Jose

Women Veterans of World War II: Magdalena Leones
Prof. Evelyn Songco, Ph. D.
University of Santo Tomas
           
Cap. Juan Pajota: Liberation of Cabanatuan Prisoners of War
Dr. Cesar P. Pobre
Armed Forces of the Philippines

Filipinos in the Battle of Yultong, Korea
Col. Gregorio R. Vigilar

Battle of Pinamaloy, Bukidnon
Gen. Restituto Aguilar                 

Closing Remarks              
Hon. Samuel B. Bagasin
Undersecretary for Civil, Veterans and Reserve Affairs
Department of National Defense

Master of Ceremonies
Michael Charleston B. Chua
De La Salle University

Images of Valor and Victory I (2010)


The Philippine Historical Association
in collaboration with the
Department of National Defense
Philippine Veterans Affairs Office
and the Multi-Agency Task Force for the
2010 Observance of Araw ng Kagitingan and Philippine Veterans Week.


Images of Valor and Victory
A Conference on World War II and Filipino Heroism

March 5, 2010 (Friday) 8:00 a.m. – 4:30 p.m.
National Defense College of the Philippines Auditorium
Camp Aguinaldo, Quezon City

 This conference aims to pay tribute to the veterans of World War II; bring to fore the heroism of the Filipino Veterans and share some untold stories of Filipino soldiers during the Second World War.
           
PAPER ABSTRACTS


The Guerilla Resistance Movement in Luzon
Ricardo T. Jose, Ph.D.
Department of History
University of the Philippines Diliman

During the Second World War, the Philippines was placed on the world map through its tenacious defense of Bataan and Corregidor, which became symbols of resistance to the Japanese onslaught among the Allies. Even as the siege of Bataan and Corregidor raged, however, resistance of another sort sprouted up throughout other areas of Luzon, even though some of these were already overrun by the Japanese.  These were the guerilla forces which fought the Japanese from the beginning of the war until its end.

Among the early resistance movements were those led by Filipino leaders, which covered not only most of Luzon but also the Visayas and Mindanao. Of particular note were the early resistance movements of Roque Ablan in Ilocos Norte, Wenceslao Vinzons in Camarines Norte and Marcelo Adduru of Cagayan. These movements were led by local political leaders – governors or congressmen – and gained strong followings. All regained ground from the Japanese (even recapturing the provincial capitals, such as Daet, on occasion) and attacked Japanese positions when they had a chance of winning. These movements rose even before Bataan and Corregidor fell, and were spontanteous acts of resistance which sought to keep the Commonwealth government alive and functioining.

Side by side with these civilian movements were those led by military officers who were cut off from their units because of the rapid Japanese advance in December 1941. Guerrilla units based on military outfits led by Walter Cushing, Guillermo Nakar, and ____ (w/ Navarro). Led by military (regular or reserve) officers, these staged attacks on Japanese positions and destroyed Japanese aircraft and supplies. Many successes were scored, again before the fall of Bataan and Corregidor.

Some of these units were able to establish contact with USAFFE headquarters in Corregidor, and were formally recognized as military units. MacArthur himself, realizng the potential of guerrilla operations against the Japanese, sent a special team under Col. Thorpe to the Zambales area to organize a more active and coordinated guerrilla movement.

Unfortunately, Bataan and Corregidor fell, and the existing guerrilla forces which were aligned with USAFFE found themselves alone. Japanese troops freed from the task of conquering Bataan and Corregidor were redeployed to crush the early resistance movements and did so with some success: Col Thorpe and other early guerrilla leaders were either captured or executed or forced to lie low under the onslaught.

Despite the Japanese anti-guerrilla operations, other resistance movements thrived in Luzon. Of note were the Hunters-ROTC guerrillas, led by PMA cadets who were disbanded because of their youth, and manned predominantly by idealistic college students. Markings Guerrillas (later combined with the Fil-American Irregular Troops), led by a bus driver/boxer who had escaped from Bataan, was organized in Southern Luzon. President Quezon’s Own Guerrillas (PQOG) was also organized in Southern Luzon. In the Bicol area, several groups were formed, among them Gov Escudero’s guerrillas. Almost all of these were aligned with the US forces; some were American led (Lapham, Ramsey). Eventually these groups got in touch with MacArthur’s headquarters and received weapons and other assistance by submarine. Due to severe Japanese reprisals, MacArthur ordered these units to lie low, perfect their organization and focus on gathering intelligence.

More independent was the Hukbong Bayan Laban sa Hapon, a peasant organization which leaned to the left and which engaged not only in anti-Japanese operations but in more long-range socio-economic restructuring. They remained in action throughout the war, not heeding an lie low orders.

Other organizations were more geared towards counter-propaganda and intelligence-gathering. Units such as Free Philippines, which operated in Manila, kept up people’s morale by distributing anti-Japanese leaflets and furnishing intelligence to the guerrillas.

The guerilla resistance movement in Luzon is replete with tales of heroism, but it also is a story of tragedy and pain, especially to the victims of the Japanese and their collaborators. The resulting spiral into increasingly violent modes of reprisal showed the worst of humanity; but it also revealed the strength of the Filipino spirit.


PALAWAN DURING WORLD WAR II
OSCAR L. EVANGELISTA
Palawan State University

The paper presents the story of Palawan during World War II as a microcosm of the national history of the Philippines during the same period. It points to similar patterns/events but focuses on the unique features of Palawan life under Japanese rule. It follows the story of the “Free Palawan” of the Commonwealth Government; the organization of the Guerilla Movement later tied in with Macario Peralta’s forces in Panay; the formation of the Special Battalion; the socio-economic conditions in the occupied areas, and  the role of the Guerillas in the liberation of the province and of the Philippines. The barbarous massacre of 150 American Prisoners of War in 1945 was the prelude to the liberation of Palawan.

Collectively, the Palawenos who fought the Japanese Forces and the “Free Palawan” leaders who resisted the Japanese Government were “Men of Valor”.



The Role of Filipino Women During the Second World War
Evelyn A. Miranda, Ph.D.
Retired Professor, University of the Philippines-Diliman

It is little known in history that Filipino women were part of the resistance movement against the Japanese imperialists. Hence, this paper seeks to highlight the various roles that women played in the struggle against the Japanese forces. Those who actively fought the Japanese were Remedios Paraiso (alyas Commander Liwayway), Felipa Culala (alyas Dayang-Dayang), Celia Mariano and Yay Panlilio (led the Marking’s Guerillas).

There were also women who extended support for the movement or aided the sick and the wounded, especially those who were detained in Japanese concentration camps. Examples of these women were Josefa Borromeo Capistrano, Josefa Llanes Escoda, Maria Orosa and Conchita Sunico.  
                 
Lesser known peasant women in the countryside also helped in the resistance movement by procuring supplies and medicine for their husbands and relatives who were part of the fighting forces. But there were instances wherein they themselves were engaged in actual combat.




Monday, February 7, 2011

Instructional Material on the Victory of Filipino Veterans Now Available

Was Japan the only country that must be blamed for the destruction of Manila, the second most-destroyed allied city in the World during the war, in 1945?  Was it the Americans the only ones who saved and liberated the country during that time?  Were the Filipino soldiers losers, bit players and unwilling victims during this war?

TAGUMPAY:  Ang Imahe ng mga Beterano at Bayaning Pilipino noong Digmaang Pasipiko focuses on the not so highlighted contributions of Filipino Veterans in the victory against the Japanese Occupation, using the Filipino perspective.  The 30-minute documentary was written, scripted and directed by PHA VP Xiao Chua, with the UST Educational Technology Center and funded by the Department of National Defense through thePhilippine Veterans Affairs Office.  The documentary was reviewed by Prof. Ricardo Trota Jose, Ph.D. and was first shown at the "Images of Valor and Victory: A Conference on World War II and Filipino Heroism" last 5 March 2010 at Camp Aguinaldo.  PVAO has requested the PHA to make available this one of a kind instructional material for the educational use of teachers, students and the general public in anticipation of the commemoration of the ARAW NG KAGITINGAN on 9 April 2011.  Just search PHA & PVAO DOCU: TAGUMPAY in http://www.youtube.com.

Paglulunsad ng SIGLO, Ang Kasaysayan ng PGH

Inilunsad ng University of the Philippines Press ang aklat na SIGLO: A Hundred Years of the Philippine General Hospital in the Service of the Filipino People noong Hulyo 23, 2010 sa Balay Kalinaw, Unibersidad ng Pilipinas Diliman, Quezon City. 

Ang akdang ito ay kasamang pinamatnugutan ni Prop. Jerome Ong kabilang pa ang ilang mga duktor mula sa PGH na sina Dr. Jose Luis Danguilan, Dr. Rafael Bundoc, at Dr. Phillip Aristotle Hermida.  Nakatuon ang aklat na ito sa isandaang taong kasaysayan ng PGH mula sa pagkakatatag nito noong 1907 hanggang 2007.  

Kabilang sa artikulo ni Prop. Jerome Ong na kalakip din sa akdang ito ay ang The Filipino Doctors at the Helm (1916-1941).  Ang SIGLO ay binubuo ng sampung kabanatang tumatalakay sa patuloy na paglilingkod ng pagamutan sa sambayanang Pilipino.



Espena attends IAHA Conference in Singapore

Last June 22-25, 2010, the International Association of Historians of Asia held its 21st International Conference at Riverview Hotel, Singapore. The IAHA Conference, held once every two years, serves as a venue for scholars of Asia to meet and discuss current trends in Asian studies.  This year’s conference was sponsored by the Department of History, National University of Singapore, Asian Research Institute, NUS Press, Cambridge University Press and the Journal of South East Asian Studies. Among the hundreds of scholars who participated was Ms. Darlene Machell de Leon Espeña, Assistant Secretary of the Philippine Historical Association. She was the chairperson for the Panel on Diaspora. She also presented her paper entitled “The Saga of Sikh Migrants in the Philippines 1947-2000”.

Ms. Espeña was appointed as one of the 2010 Asian Graduate Student Fellows by the Asian Research Institute, National University of Singapore. Together with 30 other young scholars from Thailand, Indonesia, Philippines, Myanmar, Taiwan, Malaysia, Vietnam and China, Ms. Espeña was based in Singapore from May 17 to July 31, 2010 and was able to benefit from the resources and documents at the Institute of Southeast Asian Studies Library and NUS libraries. During her stay, Ms. Espeña explored the differences and similarities between the Sikh communities in the Philippines and Singapore. 





HISTORY COMES ALIVE ni Chairman Ambeth Dinadayo

Isang serye ng lektura na pinamagatang “History Comes Alive” ang isinagawa ni Dr. Ambeth Ocampo ng NHCP bilang bahagi ng programang pang-edukasyon ng Ayala Museum.  Nagtipon ang marami upang makinig sa ibang anggulo sa kasaysayan na tanging si Chairman Ambeth lamang ang makapagbibigay.  Ang unang lektura ay noong 26 Hunyo 2010 ukol sa Sinaunang Lipunang Pilipino, “Chastity Covers and Penis Implements;” ang pangalawa naman ay noong 24 Hulyo 2010 ukol sa Digmaang Pilipino-Amerikano, “Thomas Edison’s Funny Films;” at ang pangatlo naman ay noong 14 Agosto 2010 ukol sa Katipunan, “What did Bonifacio Really Shout When he Tore the Cedula? The Philippine Revolution Revisited.” Ang huling lektura ng serye ay ginanap noong18 Setyembre tungkol sa Kongreso ng Malolos, “What did the Founding Fathers Eat? The Malolos Congress Revisited” na dinaluhan ng mga delegado ng taunang Kumperensya ng PHA (MCBC).

Dr. Pobre, May Bagong Ambag sa Pagsasakasaysayan ng Digmaan

Noong 6 Abril 2010, sa “Balik-tanaw sa Kagitingan,” ang opisyal na paggunita ng Kampo Aguinaldo sa Araw ng Kagitingan na ginanap sa AFP Museum, inilunsad din ang bagong aklat ni Dr. Cesar Pobre na “The Freedom Fighters of Northern Luzon:  An Untold Story” na isinulat niya kasama si Phillip Kimpo, Jr.  Ang paglulunsad ay dinaluhan ni USec Ernesto Carolina ng Department of National Defense, ni Dekana Santos, Dr. Vivar, G. Chua at G. Balsamo kasama ang mga beterano at iba pang mga bisita. Ang aklat ay nagsasalaysay ng tila nakaligtaan nang tagumpay ng mga bayaning Pilipino sa pagtatapos ng Ikalawang Digmaang Pandaigdig sa Cordillera (MCBC).



Mga Pag-Alalang Pangkasaysayan, Dinaluhan ng Lupon ng PHA

Isang mahalagang gawain ng lupon ng Philippine Historical Association sa buong taon ay ang pakikilahok sa mga paggunita sa mga makasaysayang pangyayari na isinasagawa ng mga ahensya ng pamahalaan tulad ng National Historical Commission of the Philippines at ng Military Shrines Office ng Department of National Defense.

Noong 30 Disyembre 2009, ang pagtataas ng watawat sa Parke Rizal bilang paggunita ng ika-113 na anibersaryo ng pagkamartir ni Gat Dr. José Rizal at lektura ng kagawad ng lupon ng NHI (ngayo’y NHCP) José David Lapuz ay dinaluhan nina Dr. Songco, G. Chua at Bb. Espeña.

Noong 17 Pebrero 2010, nag-alay si Dr. Boncan ng bulaklak sa ngalan ng PHA bilang pag-alala sa ika-138 na anibersaryo ng pagkamartir ng mga paring sina Gomez, Burgos at Zamora sa Parke Rizal.  Dinaluhan din ito nina NHCP Chair Ocampo, Dr. Muhi, at G. Chua.

Noong 6 Abril 2010, sa “Balik-tanaw sa Kagitingan,” ang opisyal na paggunita ng Kampo Aguinaldo sa Araw ng Kagitingan, ay dinaluhan nina Dekana Santos, Dr. Vivar, Dr. Pobre, G. Chua at G. Balsamo.

Noong 9 Abril 2010, ang pambansang paggunita sa Araw ng Kagitingan sa Bundok Samat, Bataan, ay sinaksihan nina G. Chua at G. Balsamo.

 Noong 5 Hunyo 2010, sina Dr. Santos, Dr. Vivar, Dr. Miranda, Dr. Evangelista at G. Chua ay nakibahagi sa Centennial Alumni Homecoming and Reunion ng UP Departamento ng Kasaysayan sa lobby ng Bulwagang Palma, UP Diliman.  Ang silver jubilarian sa reunion na iyon ay si Dr. Milagros C. Guerrero, dating pangulo ng PHA.

Noong 12 Hunyo 2010, ang pambansang pagtataas ng watawat sa Parke Rizal ng Pangulong Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo para sa ika-112 anibersaryo ng Araw ng Kasarinlan ay sinaksihan nina Dr. Songco, Dr. Boncan, Dr. Muhi, Chairman Ocampo, G. Chua at G. Balsamo.

Noong 30 Hunyo 2010, sa inagurasyon ng Pang. Benigno Simeon Aquino III sa Quirino Grandstand, kung saan kasama sa mga nangasiwa ng pasinaya si Chairman Ocampo ng NHCP, dumalo rin si G. Chua.

Noong 29 Agosto 2010, sa pambansang paggunita sa Araw ng mga Bayani sa Libingan ng mga Bayani, Fort Bonifacio, Taguig, naroon sina Dr. Songco, Chairman Ocampo, G. Chua, at G. Balsamo

Noong Disyembre 30, 2010, sa paggunita ng ika-114 anibersaryo ng kabayanihan ni Riza, dumalo bilang kinatawan ng PHA sina Dr. Songco, Dr. Boncan, at G. Balsamo. Si G. Chua ang nagbigay ng anotasyon sa  live coverage ng NBN Channel 4. (MCBC).

Pakikipagtulungan ng PHA sa Bahay Saliksikan ng Bulacan

Dalawang beses naanyayahan si VP Chua ng Bahay Saliksikan ng Bulacan (Center for Bulacan Studies o CBS) ng Bulacan State University at ng National Historical Commission of the Philippines (NHCP Bulacan-Zambales Cluster), sampu ng mga local na pamahalaan ng Bulacan, na magsalita ukol sa paksang “Isang Himig, Isang Bandila: Ang Pambansang Awit at Bandila sa Agos ng Kasaysayan at Kalinangang Pilipino.”  Ang una ay noong 28 Mayo 2010, Pambansang Araw ng Watawat para sa Ika-4 na Lecture Series for Bulacan Studies na may paksang “Ang Watawat at Pambansang Awit:  Alaala ng Tagumpay ng Bayan” na ginanap sa Dambana ni Marcelo H. del Pilar sa Bulakan, Bulacan; at noong 10 Hunyo 2010, dalawang araw bago ang Araw ng Kasarinlan, sa sampaksaang “The Philippine Flag:  Respect and Awareness” na ginanap sa Pook Pangkasaysayang Simbahan ng Barasoain, Malolos, Bulacan.
Ang bagong pakikipagkaibigan na ito ay nagluwal ng Kumperensyang Pangkasaysayan para sa ika-112 Anibersaryo ng Pagbubukas ng Unang Kongresong Pilipino na pinamagatang “IMAHEnasyon:  Paghiraya sa Nasyon at Bayan ng Congreso Filipino 1898” na ginanap noong nakaraang 14 Setyembre 2010 sa Bulacan State University na naidaos sa pakikipagtulungan ng CBS, PHA, NHCP, UP Lipunang Pangkasaysayan, Pamahalaang Panlalawigan ng Bulacan, Pamahalaang Panlungsod ng Malolos, Departamento ng Edukasyon.  Bahagi ng mga tagapagsalita ang Pangulo ng PHA Dr. Songco at si G. Chua, kasama sina Dr. Zeus Salazar, Dr. Lino Dizon, Dr. Vicente Villan, G. Ian Christopher Alfonso, at G. Isagani Giron.
Nasundan ito ng isa pang kumperensiya na idinaos noong Enero 21, 2011 kung saan ay nagsilbing tagapagsalita sina G. Balsamo, Dr. Boncan at G. Ian Alfonso bilang bahagi ng paggunita sa anibersaryo ng Unang Republika ng Pilipinas.  (MCBC)

PHA SA PAMBANSANG TV

Bilang serbisyo publiko bilang kagawad ng lupon ng PHA, si G. Chua ay nakikilahok sa talastasang pantelebisyon.  Liban sa pagiging regular na bahagi ngThe Bottomline with Boy Abunda, si G. Chua ay inanyayahan rin upang maging bahagi ng mga mahabaang coverage ng Araw ng Kasarinlan (noong 2009 sa NBN 4 at noong 2010 sa ABSCBN News Channel) at sa Inagurasyon ng Pang. Noynoy Aquino (NBN 4).  Inanyayahan na rin siya ng ilang beses pa na makapanayam ukol sa iba’t ibang paggunitang pangkasaysayan sa NBN 4, ABS-CBN, DZMM Teleradyo, Net 25, at TV 5.
Magkasama naman sina G. Chua at G. Balsamo na nakapanayam ni G. Freddie Abando sa programang Hatol ng Bayan ng NBN 4 ukol sa Araw ng Kagitingan (NBN 4).

XIAO CHUA ANNOTATES INDEPENDENCE DAY PARADE 1 of 7, 
ABS-CBN News Channel, 12 June 2010



PHA'S JOBAL & XIAO INTERVIEW ON VETERANS WITH FREDDIE ABANDO 1 of 2
 NBN 4, 9 April 2010



PHA SA PAMBANSANG TV

Bilang serbisyo publiko bilang kagawad ng lupon ng PHA, si G. Chua ay nakikilahok sa talastasang pantelebisyon.  Liban sa pagiging regular na bahagi ngThe Bottomline with Boy Abunda, si G. Chua ay inanyayahan rin upang maging bahagi ng mga mahabaang coverage ng Araw ng Kasarinlan (noong 2009 sa NBN 4 at noong 2010 sa ABSCBN News Channel) at sa Inagurasyon ng Pang. Noynoy Aquino (NBN 4).  Inanyayahan na rin siya ng ilang beses pa na makapanayam ukol sa iba’t ibang paggunitang pangkasaysayan sa NBN 4, ABS-CBN, DZMM Teleradyo, Net 25, at TV 5.
Magkasama naman sina G. Chua at G. Balsamo na nakapanayam ni G. Freddie Abando sa programang Hatol ng Bayan ng NBN 4 ukol sa Araw ng Kagitingan (NBN 4).

XIAO CHUA ANNOTATES INDEPENDENCE DAY PARADE 1 of 7, 
ABS-CBN News Channel, 12 June 2010


PHA'S JOBAL & XIAO INTERVIEW ON VETERANS WITH FREDDIE ABANDO 1 of 2
 NBN 4, 9 April 2010